Other barrier methods
EFFECTIVENESS
The effectiveness of barrier methods varies and depends mainly on consistent, correct use with every sexual relation, regardless of the time of the month, including the menstrual period. Failure due to a flaw in the contraceptive itself is rare. If in doubt, taking the morning-after pill remains an option. It is recommended to add a spermicide to the female condom, and to always use a spermicide with the diaphragm and the cervical cap.
Some products (oil-based lubricants) or vaginal treatments should not be used with the diaphragm or cervical cap. Your doctor will explain this to you. Spermicides are considered safe for the fetus in case of use in early pregnancy.
WHO ARE THEY FOR?
These methods are mainly designed for women whose fertility rate is naturally low, i.e., women over 40 years, women who are breastfeeding, and for women for whom pregnancy could be acceptable. These contraceptives, which have the advantage of being controlled by the woman, may also be used at mid-cycle to increase the efficacy of another method of contraception or when antibiotics are being taken while taking an oral contraceptive. Lastly, any person at risk for STIs should use condoms and be informed of the protective benefits of certain spermicides.
THE FEMALE CONDOM (REALITY™)
Cost: $14/box of 3
Effectiveness: 80% to 99%
If used with every sexual relation, effectiveness can be as high as 99%. The female condom comes in one style and one size. It is made of thin, flexible polyurethane, with a flexible ring at each end; the inner ring is used to insert the condom and keep it in place. Reality™ also protects against STIs and HIV. Since it covers most of the vulva, it is theoretically more effective than the male condom in protecting against condyloma and herpes. Reality™ adapts to the shape of the vagina and, therefore, does not compress or squeeze the penis. Because polyurethane heats instantly when it comes into contact with the body, it provides increased sensitivity and a more natural feel. Reality™ is a method designed for women and men. Because it is more resistant than latex, heterosexual couples and homosexual couples really like it for anal sex, in which case the inner ring can be removed for greater comfort
THE DIAPHRAGM™
Cost: $60 + cost of spermicide
Effectiveness: 80% to 94%
The diaphragm is a dome made of silicone, mounted on a flexible ring adapted to the size of the vagina. It must be used with spermicidal jelly or foam. Women who choose this method must be seen by a doctor who will determine the right size (55 mm to 90 mm in diameter) and who will teach the woman how to insert it. A change in weight of more than 3 kg, or another delivery, may change the vaginal size and, therefore, may require being refitted for a diaphragm. A verification of proper diaphragm fit should be done annually. In order to prevent toxic shock syndrome and foul odours, it is advisable to keep the diaphragm in place the shortest time possible (while respecting the minimum 6 hour delay after a sexual relation) and not to use the diaphragm during menstruation. To preserve the diaphragm properly it is recommended to wash it, coat it with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and to store it in a dark, cool place. The most commonly used diaphragm is the ARCING brand. It is possible to obtain this diaphragm by contacting the MILEX Company at-1-800-204-2398.
THE CERVICAL CAP™
Cost: $50 + cost of spermicide
Effectiveness: 80% to 94%
There is one brand of cervical cap called “FemCap”. It is dome-shaped and made of silicone. The cap is placed on the cervix and may be used with spermicidal jelly which is placed in the interior of the cap. It comes in three sizes: 22, 24, and 26 mm. Approximately 75% of women find a size that fits. Using a cervical cap requires instruction that may be provided by a doctor or in some women's health centres.
We recommend that you not use the cervical cap for the first 6 weeks after childbirth, during vaginal bleeding or during menstruation. Some sexual positions may cause the cap to move and thereby eliminate its effectiveness. To avoid unpleasant odours, it is important to wash and dry the cervical cap after each use and to leave it in place for only as long as is necessary (a minimum of 8 hours after sexual relations.)
CONTRACEPTIVE SPONGE
Cost: approximately $12/box in 4
Effectiveness: 80 to 94%
There is one brand of contraceptive sponge called TODAY. It's made with smooth and flexible foam. It have a small ring to be easier to remove. It also contains a jelly spemicide that is disperses quickly and evenly to help decrease irritation. The contraceptive sponge is made for one use only. It can stay in place for maximum of 12 hours, but it have to stay in the vagina at least 6 hours after the sexual relations. The sponge should not be used during your period.
VCF™
Cost: 6 for approximately $10
Efficacy: 70% to 97%
VCF™ (vaginal contraceptive film) has recently become available in Quebec. It is a thin film measuring 5cm x 5cm that resembles waxed paper and contains spermicide. It is easy to use: simply fold the film in 4 and insert it deeply into the vagina 15 minutes before sexual relations. It is comfortable and does not increase vaginal secretions. It is eliminated naturally.
CONTRACEPTIVE FOAM
Cost: between $15
Effectiveness: 70% to 97%
Contraceptive foam (VCF) comes in an aerosol can and contains a spermicide. The foam must be inserted into the vagina 10 to 30 minutes before sexual relations. It disperses quickly and evenly. To make contraceptive foam more effective, it should be used with another method such as the male condom, the female condom, the diaphragm or the cervical cap. Contraceptive foam is eliminated naturally.